Which condition is indicated by severe jaundice presenting in the first week of life?

Severe jaundice appearing in the first week of life is a significant clinical finding that requires careful evaluation. This condition is often indicative of pathologic jaundice, which is characterized by bilirubin levels that rise rapidly and may surpass normal thresholds. In newborns, physiologic jaundice typically presents later, generally peaking around day 3 to 5 of life and resolving within two weeks without intervention.

On the other hand, breast milk jaundice typically arises later in the newborn’s life, generally starting after the first week of life when the infant is getting adequate feedings. In contrast, conjugated hyperbilirubinemia, which refers to an excess of conjugated or direct bilirubin, is usually a complication or sign of underlying hepatic or biliary issues rather than the initial presentation itself.

In summary, the presentation of severe jaundice in the first week aligns with pathologic jaundice, which may indicate underlying conditions such as hemolytic disease, infection, or metabolic disorders requiring immediate medical attention and intervention.